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CNT membership card in Barcelona during clandestinity, 1943.
Regional Confederation of Labour. Local Federation of Industrial Trade Unions of Catalonia. CNT document issued underground during the Francoist Dictatorship, 1943.
After the war, the CNT managed to remain active underground while largely preserving the same federal structure it had previously maintained. From 1945 onwards, the reorganization of the CNT was driven by the expectations generated after the end of the Second World War and the hope that the Western powers would force the fall of the Francoist regime. This period marked the moment of greatest strength of the possibilist confederal sector, which dominated in Spain between 1945 and mid-1947. However, the outbreak of the Cold War dashed these democratic expectations and led to a renewed repressive offensive by the regime, which between 1947 and 1949 unleashed a harsh cycle of persecution known as the “three-year terror.”
